FUNCTIONS OF HUMAN RESOURCES MANAGEMENT (HRM)

          Every organization has certain functions to perform. These functions of Human resources management can broadly be classified into two categories such as Managerial Functions and Operative Functions. 

  

     Managerial Functions of HRM:

                Managing people is the essence of being a Manager. Like other managers, a human resource manager performs the functions of planning, organizing, directing and controlling.

•  Planning:

                A plan is a pre-determined course of action. Planning is a process of deciding the goals and formulating policies and programs to achieve the goals. Planning involves forecasting and research. It helps to face successfully the changes those are likely to take place in future without planning the events, which are left to chance? It is the Means to manage change. Planning today avoid crisis tomorrow. 

         In the area of human resource management, planning involves deciding personal goals, formulating personnel policies and programs preparing the human resources budget etc. 

·      Organizing:
              In order to implement the plans, a sound organization structure is required. Organizing is the process of allocation tasks among its people and integrating their activities towards the common objectives. The right organization structure is the foundation of effective management because without it the best performance in all other areas will be ineffective. Organization is the frame through which management directs controls and co-ordinates the efforts of the people.

·      Directing:              

          Directing is the process of motivating, activating, leading and supervising people. Directing includes all those activities by which a manager influences the action of subordinates. It is the heart of the management process because it is concerned with initiating action. It helps to secure the willing and effective co-operation of employees for attaining organizational goals. A manager can tap the maximum potential of employees through proper direction. It also helps in building sound individual and human relations in the organization.      

·      Controlling:               

          It implies checking, verifying and regulating to ensure that everything occurs in conformity with the plans adopted and instructions issued. Such monitoring plans helps to minimize the gap between desire results and actual performance involves auditing training programs, analysing labour turnover records, directing morale survey, conducting separation interviews and many other means. 

                                          

  Operative Functions of HRM:

              The operative or service functions of human resources management are the tasks which are entrusted to the personnel department? These functions are concerned with specific activities of procuring, developing, compensating and maintaining an efficient work force.

·      Procurement Function:  

               It is concerned with securing and employing the right kind and proper number of people required for accomplishing the organizational objectives. It consists of activities like Job Analysis, Human Resource Planning, Recruitment, Selection, Induction and placement.

·      Development Function: 

               Human Resource Development is the process of improving the knowledge, skills, aptitudes and values of employees so that they can perform the present and future jobs easily and more effectively. This function comprises activities like Performance and potential appraisal, training, executive development and career planning and development.

·      Compensation Function: 

                It refers to providing equitable and fair remuneration to employees for their contribution to the attainment of organizational objectives. It consists of activities like Job Evaluation, Wage and Salary Administration incentives, Bonus etc.

·      Integration & Maintenance Functions:  

                It is the process of reconciling the goals of the organization with those of its members. It involves motivating employees through financial and non-financial incentives, providing job satisfaction, handling employees grievances timely through formal grievance procedures, collective bargaining, workers participation in management, conflict resolution.

              Developing the sound human relations, employee counselling, improving the quality of work etc. Maintenance concerned with protecting and promoting the physical and mental health of employees.